A React component for displaying text.

Text supports nesting, styling, and touch handling.

In the following example, the nested title and body text will inherit the fontFamily from styles.baseText, but the title provides its own additional styles. The title and body will stack on top of each other on account of the literal newlines:

import React, { Component } from 'react';
import { AppRegistry, Text, StyleSheet } from 'react-native';

export default class TextInANest extends Component {
  constructor(props) {
    super(props);
    this.state = {
      titleText: "Bird's Nest",
      bodyText: 'This is not really a bird nest.'
    };
  }

  render() {
    return (
      <Text style={styles.baseText}>
        <Text style={styles.titleText} onPress={this.onPressTitle}>
          {this.state.titleText}{'\n'}{'\n'}
        </Text>
        <Text numberOfLines={5}>
          {this.state.bodyText}
        </Text>
      </Text>
    );
  }
}

const styles = StyleSheet.create({
  baseText: {
    fontFamily: 'Cochin',
  },
  titleText: {
    fontSize: 20,
    fontWeight: 'bold',
  },
});

// skip this line if using Create React Native App
AppRegistry.registerComponent('TextInANest', () => TextInANest);

Nested text

Both iOS and Android allow you to display formatted text by annotating ranges of a string with specific formatting like bold or colored text (NSAttributedString on iOS, SpannableString on Android). In practice, this is very tedious. For React Native, we decided to use web paradigm for this where you can nest text to achieve the same effect.

import React, { Component } from 'react';
import { AppRegistry, Text } from 'react-native';

export default class BoldAndBeautiful extends Component {
  render() {
    return (
      <Text style={{fontWeight: 'bold'}}>
        I am bold
        <Text style={{color: 'red'}}>
          and red
        </Text>
      </Text>
    );
  }
}

// skip this line if using Create React Native App
AppRegistry.registerComponent('AwesomeProject', () => BoldAndBeautiful);

Behind the scenes, React Native converts this to a flat NSAttributedString or SpannableString that contains the following information:

"I am bold and red"
0-9: bold
9-17: bold, red

Containers

The <Text> element is special relative to layout: everything inside is no longer using the flexbox layout but using text layout. This means that elements inside of a <Text> are no longer rectangles, but wrap when they see the end of the line.

<Text>
  <Text>First part and </Text>
  <Text>second part</Text>
</Text>
// Text container: the text will be inline if the space allowed it
// |First part and second part|

// otherwise, the text will flow as if it was one
// |First part |
// |and second |
// |part       |

<View>
  <Text>First part and </Text>
  <Text>second part</Text>
</View>
// View container: each text is its own block
// |First part and|
// |second part   |

// otherwise, the text will flow in its own block
// |First part |
// |and        |
// |second part|

Limited Style Inheritance

On the web, the usual way to set a font family and size for the entire document is to take advantage of inherited CSS properties like so:

html {
  font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif;
  font-size: 11px;
  color: #141823;
}

All elements in the document will inherit this font unless they or one of their parents specifies a new rule.

In React Native, we are more strict about it: you must wrap all the text nodes inside of a <Text> component. You cannot have a text node directly under a <View>.

// BAD: will raise exception, can't have a text node as child of a <View>
<View>
  Some text
</View>

// GOOD
<View>
  <Text>
    Some text
  </Text>
</View>

You also lose the ability to set up a default font for an entire subtree. Meanwhile, fontFamily only accepts a single font name, which is different from font-family in CSS. The recommended way to use consistent fonts and sizes across your application is to create a component MyAppText that includes them and use this component across your app. You can also use this component to make more specific components like MyAppHeaderText for other kinds of text.

<View>
  <MyAppText>
    Text styled with the default font for the entire application
  </MyAppText>
  <MyAppHeaderText>Text styled as a header</MyAppHeaderText>
</View>

Assuming that MyAppText is a component that simply renders out its children into a Text component with styling, then MyAppHeaderText can be defined as follows:

class MyAppHeaderText extends Component {
  render() {
    return (
      <MyAppText>
        <Text style={{fontSize: 20}}>{this.props.children}</Text>
      </MyAppText>
    );
  }
}

Composing MyAppText in this way ensures that we get the styles from a top-level component, but leaves us the ability to add / override them in specific use cases.

React Native still has the concept of style inheritance, but limited to text subtrees. In this case, the second part will be both bold and red.

<Text style={{fontWeight: 'bold'}}>
  I am bold
  <Text style={{color: 'red'}}>and red</Text>
</Text>

We believe that this more constrained way to style text will yield better apps:

(Developer) React components are designed with strong isolation in mind: You should be able to drop a component anywhere in your application, trusting that as long as the props are the same, it will look and behave the same way. Text properties that could inherit from outside of the props would break this isolation.
(Implementor) The implementation of React Native is also simplified. We do not need to have a fontFamily field on every single element, and we do not need to potentially traverse the tree up to the root every time we display a text node. The style inheritance is only encoded inside of the native Text component and doesn't leak to other components or the system itself.

Props

Reference

Props

`selectable`

Lets the user select text, to use the native copy and paste functionality.

Type	Required
bool	No

`accessibilityHint`

An accessibility hint helps users understand what will happen when they perform an action on the accessibility element when that result is not obvious from the accessibility label.

Type	Required
string	No

`accessibilityLabel`

Overrides the text that's read by the screen reader when the user interacts with the element. By default, the label is constructed by traversing all the children and accumulating all the Text nodes separated by space.

Type	Required
string	No

`accessible`

When set to true, indicates that the view is an accessibility element. The default value for a Text element is true.

See the Accessibility guide for more information.

Type	Required
bool	No

`ellipsizeMode`

When numberOfLines is set, this prop defines how text will be truncated. numberOfLines must be set in conjunction with this prop.

This can be one of the following values:

head - The line is displayed so that the end fits in the container and the missing text at the beginning of the line is indicated by an ellipsis glyph. e.g., "...wxyz"
middle - The line is displayed so that the beginning and end fit in the container and the missing text in the middle is indicated by an ellipsis glyph. "ab...yz"
tail - The line is displayed so that the beginning fits in the container and the missing text at the end of the line is indicated by an ellipsis glyph. e.g., "abcd..."
clip - Lines are not drawn past the edge of the text container.

The default is tail.

Type	Required
enum('head', 'middle', 'tail', 'clip')	No

`nativeID`

Used to locate this view from native code.

Type	Required
string	No

`numberOfLines`

Used to truncate the text with an ellipsis after computing the text layout, including line wrapping, such that the total number of lines does not exceed this number.

This prop is commonly used with ellipsizeMode.

Type	Required
number	No

`onLayout`

Invoked on mount and layout changes with

{nativeEvent: {layout: {x, y, width, height}}}

Type	Required
function	No

`onLongPress`

This function is called on long press.

e.g., onLongPress={this.increaseSize}>

Type	Required
function	No

`onPress`

This function is called on press.

e.g., onPress={() => console.log('1st')}

Type	Required
function	No

`pressRetentionOffset`

When the scroll view is disabled, this defines how far your touch may move off of the button, before deactivating the button. Once deactivated, try moving it back and you'll see that the button is once again reactivated! Move it back and forth several times while the scroll view is disabled. Ensure you pass in a constant to reduce memory allocations.

Type	Required
object: {top: number, left: number, bottom: number, right: number}	No

`allowFontScaling`

Specifies whether fonts should scale to respect Text Size accessibility settings. The default is true.

Type	Required
bool	No

`maxFontSizeMultiplier`

Specifies largest possible scale a font can reach when allowFontScaling is enabled. Possible values:

null/undefined (default): inherit from the parent node or the global default (0)
0: no max, ignore parent/global default
>= 1: sets the maxFontSizeMultiplier of this node to this value

Type	Required
number	No

`style`

Type	Required
style	No

View Style Props...
textShadowOffset: object: {width: number,height: number}
color: color
fontSize: number
fontStyle: enum('normal', 'italic')
fontWeight: enum('normal', 'bold', '100', '200', '300', '400', '500', '600', '700', '800', '900')

Specifies font weight. The values 'normal' and 'bold' are supported for most fonts. Not all fonts have a variant for each of the numeric values, in that case the closest one is chosen.
lineHeight: number
textAlign: enum('auto', 'left', 'right', 'center', 'justify')

Specifies text alignment. The value 'justify' is only supported on iOS and Android Oreo (8.0) or above (API level >= 26). For lower android version it will fallback to left.
textDecorationLine: enum('none', 'underline', 'line-through', 'underline line-through')
textShadowColor: color
fontFamily: string
textShadowRadius: number
includeFontPadding: bool (Android)

Set to false to remove extra font padding intended to make space for certain ascenders / descenders. With some fonts, this padding can make text look slightly misaligned when centered vertically. For best results also set textAlignVertical to center. Default is true.

textAlignVertical: enum('auto', 'top', 'bottom', 'center') (Android)
fontVariant: array of enum('small-caps', 'oldstyle-nums', 'lining-nums', 'tabular-nums', 'proportional-nums') (iOS)
letterSpacing: number

Increase or decrease the spacing between characters. The default is 0, for no extra letter spacing.

iOS: The additional space will be rendered after each glyph.

Android: Only supported since Android 5.0 - older versions will ignore this attribute. Please note that additional space will be added around the glyphs (half on each side), which differs from the iOS rendering. It is possible to emulate the iOS rendering by using layout attributes, e.g. negative margins, as appropriate for your situation.
textDecorationColor: color (iOS)
textDecorationStyle: enum('solid', 'double', 'dotted', 'dashed') (iOS)
textTransform: enum('none', 'uppercase', 'lowercase', 'capitalize')
writingDirection: enum('auto', 'ltr', 'rtl') (iOS)

`testID`

Used to locate this view in end-to-end tests.

Type	Required
string	No

`disabled`

Specifies the disabled state of the text view for testing purposes

Type	Required	Platform
bool	No	Android

`selectionColor`

The highlight color of the text.

Type	Required	Platform
color	No	Android

`textBreakStrategy`

Set text break strategy on Android API Level 23+, possible values are simple, highQuality, balanced The default value is highQuality.

Type	Required	Platform
enum('simple', 'highQuality', 'balanced')	No	Android

`adjustsFontSizeToFit`

Specifies whether font should be scaled down automatically to fit given style constraints.

Type	Required	Platform
bool	No	iOS

`minimumFontScale`

Specifies smallest possible scale a font can reach when adjustsFontSizeToFit is enabled. (values 0.01-1.0).

Type	Required	Platform
number	No	iOS

`suppressHighlighting`

When true, no visual change is made when text is pressed down. By default, a gray oval highlights the text on press down.

Type	Required	Platform
bool	No	iOS

Known issues

react-native#22811: Nested Text elements do not support numberOfLines attribute

`dataDetectorType`

Determines the types of data converted to clickable URLs in the text element. By default no data types are detected.

You can provide only one type.

Possible values for dataDetectorType are:

'phoneNumber'
'link'
'email'
'none'
'all'

Type	Required	Platform
enum('phoneNumber', 'link', 'email', 'none', 'all')	No	Android